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grapheme (n.)  
  
919   04:49 مساءً   date: 2023-09-15
Author : David Crystal
Book or Source : A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics
Page and Part : 220-7

grapheme (n.)

The minimal CONTRASTIVE UNIT in the writing SYSTEM of a LANGUAGE; usually enclosed in angle brackets. The grapheme <a> , for example, is realized as several ALLOGRAPHS A, a, a, etc., which may be seen as units in COMPLEMENTARY DISTRIBUTION (e.g. upper case restricted to SENTENCE-initial position, proper names, etc.), or in FREE VARIATION (as in some styles of hand-writing), just as in PHONEMIC analysis. ‘Grapheme analysis’ is the main business of graphemics (or GRAPHOLOGY).