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Date: 12-12-2020
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Water can be added to an alkene in the presence of an acid catalyst, to produce an alcohol.
Water is not a strong enough electrophile to add an H+ directly to an alkene, but H3O+ is. The H3O+ is. formed when sulfuric acid dissociates in water:
The alkene then reacts with the H3O+ in the electrophilic addition elementary step. The resultant carbocation is reactive, and water then easily reacts as a nucleophile to perform the coordination step. A final acid-base step, regenerating the H3O+ catalyst, produces the alcohol product.
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