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Epidemiology of Primary hyperparathyroidism

المؤلف:  Wass, J. A. H., Arlt, W., & Semple, R. K. (Eds.).

المصدر:  Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes

الجزء والصفحة:  3rd edition , p653-654

2026-06-13

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PHPT is seen most often in postmenopausal women with a gender difference of 3– 4:1. The prevalence of the disease varies depending upon country and representation by race. In the United States, prevalence figures centre around 0.86%. African Americans are more prone that Caucasian women. Prevalence figures have been reported to be lower (0.4%) and much higher (11%), the latter rep resenting cohorts of patients with normocalcaemic PHPT. Epidemiology is also influenced by medical practices, such as bio chemical screening. When screening is a routine aspect of medical care, the prevalence of PHPT is higher, because the serum calcium is typically included in the multichannel screening test and patients are discovered in that context. When biochemical screening is commonly used in countries, as demonstrated in North America and Western Europe, the disease is common. When biochemical screening is not a routine feature of medical care, such as in many locations in India, PHPT is uncommon. Screening, however, is not a complete ex planation for the increasing prevalence of PHPT. In the United States, for example, after screening had become well established, the incidence of PHPT has continued to increase. Perhaps, more proactive approaches to skeletal diseases, particularly in the context of mild elevations in the serum calcium, could account, at least in part, for this observation. It is also noteworthy, but not surprising, that the incidence of PHPT increases in countries that adopt biochemical screening, as in China and in Latin America.

In most patients, there is no clear- cut aetiology to the disease although a history of childhood face and neck radiation can be obtained in a small percentage of individuals. The genetics of PHPT are described next.