Phonological features of Ghanaian English

It should be kept in mind that on all descriptive levels, GhE is a system of tendencies rather than categorical differences from the British standard, depending on various factors such as the speaker’s linguistic competence and L1, the level of L2 command of English (roughly correlating with the level of education), the formality of the situation, the wish of the speaker to project Ghanaianness, etc. There is thus a lot of intra- and interindividual variation in GhE and unless otherwise mentioned, the following subjects describe the most “Ghanaian” features in pronunciation, grammar, and the lexicon, i.e. the variety referred to as Conversational GhE.