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Date: 10-7-2018
1045
Date: 28-8-2018
1407
Date: 4-10-2020
945
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Hydrogen halides (hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and the rest) usually react with alkenes using an electrophilic addition mechanism. However, in the presence of organic peroxides, hydrogen bromide adds by a different mechanism.
With the organic peroxides present you get a free radical chain reaction.
The chain is initiated by free radicals produced by an oxygen-oxygen bond in the organic peroxide breaking.
These free radicals extract a hydrogen atom from a hydrogen bromide molecule to produce bromine radicals.
A bromine radical joins to the ethene using one of the electrons in the pi bond. That creates a new radical with the single electron on the other carbon atom.
That radical reacts with another HBr molecule to produce bromoethane and another bromine radical to continue the process.
etc
Eventually two free radicals hit each other and produce a molecule of some sort. The process stops here because no new free radicals are formed.
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مخاطر خفية لمكون شائع في مشروبات الطاقة والمكملات الغذائية
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"آبل" تشغّل نظامها الجديد للذكاء الاصطناعي على أجهزتها
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تستخدم لأول مرة... مستشفى الإمام زين العابدين (ع) التابع للعتبة الحسينية يعتمد تقنيات حديثة في تثبيت الكسور المعقدة
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