

Grammar


Tenses


Present

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous


Past

Past Simple

Past Continuous

Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous


Future

Future Simple

Future Continuous

Future Perfect

Future Perfect Continuous


Parts Of Speech


Nouns

Countable and uncountable nouns

Verbal nouns

Singular and Plural nouns

Proper nouns

Nouns gender

Nouns definition

Concrete nouns

Abstract nouns

Common nouns

Collective nouns

Definition Of Nouns

Animate and Inanimate nouns

Nouns


Verbs

Stative and dynamic verbs

Finite and nonfinite verbs

To be verbs

Transitive and intransitive verbs

Auxiliary verbs

Modal verbs

Regular and irregular verbs

Action verbs

Verbs


Adverbs

Relative adverbs

Interrogative adverbs

Adverbs of time

Adverbs of place

Adverbs of reason

Adverbs of quantity

Adverbs of manner

Adverbs of frequency

Adverbs of affirmation

Adverbs


Adjectives

Quantitative adjective

Proper adjective

Possessive adjective

Numeral adjective

Interrogative adjective

Distributive adjective

Descriptive adjective

Demonstrative adjective


Pronouns

Subject pronoun

Relative pronoun

Reflexive pronoun

Reciprocal pronoun

Possessive pronoun

Personal pronoun

Interrogative pronoun

Indefinite pronoun

Emphatic pronoun

Distributive pronoun

Demonstrative pronoun

Pronouns


Pre Position


Preposition by function

Time preposition

Reason preposition

Possession preposition

Place preposition

Phrases preposition

Origin preposition

Measure preposition

Direction preposition

Contrast preposition

Agent preposition


Preposition by construction

Simple preposition

Phrase preposition

Double preposition

Compound preposition

prepositions


Conjunctions

Subordinating conjunction

Correlative conjunction

Coordinating conjunction

Conjunctive adverbs

conjunctions


Interjections

Express calling interjection

Phrases

Sentences


Grammar Rules

Passive and Active

Preference

Requests and offers

wishes

Be used to

Some and any

Could have done

Describing people

Giving advices

Possession

Comparative and superlative

Giving Reason

Making Suggestions

Apologizing

Forming questions

Since and for

Directions

Obligation

Adverbials

invitation

Articles

Imaginary condition

Zero conditional

First conditional

Second conditional

Third conditional

Reported speech

Demonstratives

Determiners


Linguistics

Phonetics

Phonology

Linguistics fields

Syntax

Morphology

Semantics

pragmatics

History

Writing

Grammar

Phonetics and Phonology

Semiotics


Reading Comprehension

Elementary

Intermediate

Advanced


Teaching Methods

Teaching Strategies

Assessment
INVOLVING PARENTS AND THE COMMUNITY
المؤلف:
Jane D. Hill Kathleen M. Flynn
المصدر:
Classroom Instruction that works with English Language Learners
الجزء والصفحة:
P111-C12
2025-09-19
347
INVOLVING PARENTS AND THE COMMUNITY
Numerous outside factors contribute to a student’s potential for academic success. It is especially critical that school staff gather information from parents of ELLs about their backgrounds. Of particular importance are the students’ native languages and cultures, the length and quality of prior formal education in their native language, any previous education they have received in U.S. schools, the amount of time they have been in the United States, and the extent of their exposure to English.
Knowing the native language and culture of students will help you tap into possible support resources for teaching these students in their native language. It will also reveal the educational customs and expectations of both the students and their parents. Remember that parents of recent immigrants may be unfamiliar with the U.S. education system. They may not know their rights, they may not understand what is expected of them, and they may not be familiar with academic concepts such as “standards-based education.”
Information about a student’s prior education in his native language can help you gauge the challenges the student will be facing. Students who arrive in U.S. schools with appropriate grade-level achievement in their native language will make the transition to learning in English more easily.
Parents whose children attended school consistently in their native country may have a very different perspective about education and parental involvement than mainstream U.S. parents. Homework policies and expectations for parental involvement may differ from those in their native country, for example.
You need to determine what exposure a student has had to the English language, even if he has lived in the United States for some time. A student’s English could be very limited—even for a child who was born in the United States—if his family speaks only its native language at home and in the neighborhood.
Involving parents and the community is not just the teacher’s job. School and district leadership teams need to develop comprehensive plans for parent and community involvement that include the parents of ELLs, as well as members of the community who share their ethnicity and language. Therefore, in addition to the model presented below, we provide an example of a plan to involve parents and the community from a district with a growing number of Spanish-speaking ELLs.
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