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Grammar

Tenses

Present

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous

Past

Past Simple

Past Continuous

Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous

Future

Future Simple

Future Continuous

Future Perfect

Future Perfect Continuous

Parts Of Speech

Nouns

Countable and uncountable nouns

Verbal nouns

Singular and Plural nouns

Proper nouns

Nouns gender

Nouns definition

Concrete nouns

Abstract nouns

Common nouns

Collective nouns

Definition Of Nouns

Animate and Inanimate nouns

Nouns

Verbs

Stative and dynamic verbs

Finite and nonfinite verbs

To be verbs

Transitive and intransitive verbs

Auxiliary verbs

Modal verbs

Regular and irregular verbs

Action verbs

Verbs

Adverbs

Relative adverbs

Interrogative adverbs

Adverbs of time

Adverbs of place

Adverbs of reason

Adverbs of quantity

Adverbs of manner

Adverbs of frequency

Adverbs of affirmation

Adverbs

Adjectives

Quantitative adjective

Proper adjective

Possessive adjective

Numeral adjective

Interrogative adjective

Distributive adjective

Descriptive adjective

Demonstrative adjective

Pronouns

Subject pronoun

Relative pronoun

Reflexive pronoun

Reciprocal pronoun

Possessive pronoun

Personal pronoun

Interrogative pronoun

Indefinite pronoun

Emphatic pronoun

Distributive pronoun

Demonstrative pronoun

Pronouns

Pre Position

Preposition by function

Time preposition

Reason preposition

Possession preposition

Place preposition

Phrases preposition

Origin preposition

Measure preposition

Direction preposition

Contrast preposition

Agent preposition

Preposition by construction

Simple preposition

Phrase preposition

Double preposition

Compound preposition

prepositions

Conjunctions

Subordinating conjunction

Correlative conjunction

Coordinating conjunction

Conjunctive adverbs

conjunctions

Interjections

Express calling interjection

Phrases

Sentences

Clauses

Part of Speech

Grammar Rules

Passive and Active

Preference

Requests and offers

wishes

Be used to

Some and any

Could have done

Describing people

Giving advices

Possession

Comparative and superlative

Giving Reason

Making Suggestions

Apologizing

Forming questions

Since and for

Directions

Obligation

Adverbials

invitation

Articles

Imaginary condition

Zero conditional

First conditional

Second conditional

Third conditional

Reported speech

Demonstratives

Determiners

Direct and Indirect speech

Linguistics

Phonetics

Phonology

Linguistics fields

Syntax

Morphology

Semantics

pragmatics

History

Writing

Grammar

Phonetics and Phonology

Semiotics

Applied Linguistics

Reading Comprehension

Elementary

Intermediate

Advanced

Teaching Methods

Teaching Strategies

Assessment

قم بتسجيل الدخول اولاً لكي يتسنى لك الاعجاب والتعليق.

Relevance of Knowledge of Second Language Acquisition: FINDINGS What about Acquisition Order or UG?

المؤلف:  Yi-Hsuan Gloria Lo

المصدر:  Applied Linguistics and Language Teacher Education

الجزء والصفحة:  P150-C9

2026-08-26

29

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Relevance of Knowledge of Second Language Acquisition:

FINDINGS

What about Acquisition Order or UG?

Knowledge of acquisition order or Universal Grammar (UG) was strongly emphasized in Peiling’s SLA course. Many of the articles in the course packet were assigned for teacher-learners to learn about the arguments in support of the UG theory and against UG theory from biological (Lightfoot, 1982), linguistic (Bley-Vroman, 1989) and acquisitional (White, 1989) perspectives. The instructor devoted much of the class time to demonstrating the “predictable stages” of L2 learners that led to the so-called “pace and path” of acquisition (Classroom observation, 09-13-01). This was also why much of our weekly interview time was also allocated to allow Peiling to express what the concept of “biological destiny,” as defined by the instructor, meant to her as a former EFL learner and EFL teacher. Peiling was, furthermore, expected to address this theory from a pedagogical perspective in her final examination.

 

Peiling did not feel that the knowledge of UG could make any difference or have any kind of impact on her EFL teaching given the fact that she was required to teach from textbooks. Peiling did not feel there was much she could do or she would like to do in terms of the knowledge she gained from her SLA course since the textbook had already prescribed the order in which Peiling had to present language points to her students.

 

Actually if there is [a] so-called UG, would there be any difference [in] my teaching? I have to teach anyway. I think even though there is [a] so-called UG, it won’t influence how I teach in any way. If there is no UG, it does not make any difference. So, what? [She doesn’t care.] We always say, [that] order? So what? 1 have to teach according to the textbook even though they learn according to some order. So what? I have to teach anyway even [if] they have [that] order. (Interview, 03-15-02)

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