Current and Resulting Attributes

– He got his shoes wet

This three-place pattern is essentially an S-V-Od pattern with an attributive Object Complement added. As attribute the complement specifies the state or status of the Od referent in relation to the situation described by the verb. The attribute may be ‘current’, contemporaneous with the verb (He keeps the garden beautiful), or the result of the action denoted by the verb (They elected her Vice-President).

Verbs that take a current attribute after the object are stative, and include:

• verbs of causing to remain in a certain state such as hold and keep

• verbs such as believe, consider, think, find, imagine, presume, hold

• verbs such as want, like and prefer

Keep your hands steady!

I imagined him much older.

Verbs that take resulting attributes represent processes of doing, and include bake, drive (mad), get, leave, make, paint, turn, wipe as well as verbs of declaring, such as appoint, elect, call, name, declare, report and certify, which confer an official status.

With AdjG Complement:

It wipes the windscreen dry.                     That barking dog is driving me mad.

The heat has turned the milk sour.          They presumed her dead.

With NG Complement:

They appointed him Manager.

The direct object referent in complex transitive structures can be made subject in a passive clause, which then has an S-V-Cs structure. In fact, with some verbs the passive is more common than the active, particularly when the Agent is unexpressed, as in she was presumed dead; he is reported missing; he was certified insane.

With some verbs, the attribute is not essential to make a grammatical clause (It wipes the windscreen). This is because many verbs enter into more than one structure: wipe can function in a monotransitive structure (wipe the windscreen) or in a complex transitive structure (wipe the windscreen dry). Other examples which, without the complement, also fit the monotransitive structure include You’ve cut your hair (short); we got the books (cheap).

A further type of attribute is that of respect. This is expressed by as + NG when introduced by such verbs as regard, refer to, write off, acclaim:

Churchill referred to him as an outstanding leader.

Fans acclaimed the Rolling Stones’ concert as the event of the season.

As a consequence of the multi-functionality of many verbs, examples can be invented in which one type of unit such as a NG can realize two different types of constituent:

He called her an angel. S-V-Od-Co He called her a taxi. S-V -Oi-Od

اخر الاخبار

اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة

ضمن محفلها الأسبوعي في كربلاء.. دار علوم نهج البلاغة تقدم محاضرة عن أساليب التزييف السياسي التاريخي

أكاديمية التطوير الإداري تشكل فريقًا بحثيًّا من خريجيها لرفع كفاءة الأداء المؤسسي

شعبة الخطابة تقيم ورشة تخصصية عن سلوك الخطيب الحسيني في بغداد

المدير العام لدائرة صحة كربلاء يزور مركز السيد جعفر الحلي ويشيد بخدماته الطبية المقدمة للزائرين

المزيد

الآخبار الصحية

المركز الاوروبي : كل ركاب سفينة "هانتا" مخالطون معرضون لخطر كبير

ألمانيا.. رئيس الأطباء يدعو للإسراع بتطبيق "ضريبة السكر"

بين الفائدة والضرر.. جدل حول تأثير الشاي والقهوة على العظام

أمراض خطيرة.. أبحاث تكشف مخاطر الجلوس لفترة طويلة

المزيد

الآخبار التكنلوجية

سبع حقائق غير متوقعة عن موجات الراديو

الأجسام الغريبة.. ماذا رأى رواد "أبولو 17" على القمر؟

حرارة المحيطات عند مستويات مقلقة.. وعودة "إل نينيو" تقترب

باحثون يحددون تأثير القهوة على الميكروبيوم والمزاج

المزيد

مواضيع ذات صلة

TRANSITIVE PATTERNS SUMMARY

FRAME, PERSPECTIVE AND ATTENTION

INTRANSITIVE AND COPULAR PATTERNS SUMMARY

SUBJECT AND OBJECT COMPLEMENTS SUMMARY

Realizations of the Object Complement

Realizations of the Subject Complement

PREPOSITIONAL VERBS AND THE PREPOSITIONAL COMPLEMENT (PC) or OBJECT(PO)

Realizations of the Indirect Object

THE INDIRECT OBJECT (Oi) Syntactic and semantic features

Realizations of the Direct Object

SUBJECT AND PREDICATOR SUMMARY

Realizations of the Subject