Pathogenesis and Spectrum of Disease Erysipelothrix, Lactobacillus, and Similar Organisms
المؤلف:
Patricia M. Tille, PhD, MLS(ASCP)
المصدر:
Bailey & Scotts Diagnostic Microbiology
الجزء والصفحة:
13th Edition , p289-290
2025-06-24
556
G. vaginalis and Lactobacillus spp. (Table 1) are natural inhabitants of the human vagina. Vaginal infections with G. vaginalis are often found in association with a variety of mixed anaerobic flora. Extravaginal infections are uncommon but have been identified associated with postpartum endometritis, septic abortion, and cesarean birth.
Table1. Pathogenesis and Spectrum of Disease
Lactobacillus spp. are important for maintaining the proper pH balance in vaginal secretions. The organisms metabolize glucose to lactic acid, producing an acidic vaginal pH and resulting in an environment that is not conducive to the growth of pathogenic bacteria. W. confusa is a Lactobacillus-like organism that has been recovered in blood cultures from patients with clinical symptoms of endocarditis.
Erysipelothrix infections are associated with individuals employed in occupations such as fish handlers, farmers, slaughterhouse workers, food preparation workers, and veterinarians. Infections are typically a result of a puncture wound or skin abrasion. Three categories of human disease have been characterized, including localized skin lesions (erysipeloid), diffuse cutaneous infection with systemic symptoms, and bacteremia. Bacteremia results in dissemination of the organism and can manifest as endocarditis.
Arcanobacterium spp. are primarily an animal pathogen, but they have been associated with pharyngitis septicemia, tissue abscesses, and ulcers in immunocompromised patients.
Often the primary challenge is to determine the clinical relevance of these organisms when they are found in specimens from normally sterile sites.
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