Communication model
المؤلف:
Bronwen Martin and Felizitas Ringham
المصدر:
Dictionary of Semiotics
الجزء والصفحة:
P36
2025-05-17
503
Communication model
For the linguist Roman Jakobson all communication involves six elements or functions which together make up any speech event (speech act). The following diagram, devised by Jakobson, illustrates these elements and their relations:
Communication, then, consists of a message, initiated by an addresser (sender) whose destination is an addressee (receiver). The message requires a contact between addresser and addressee which may be oral, visual, etc. This contact must be formulated in terms of a shared code speech, numbers, writing, etc. - that makes the message intelligible. Lastly, the message must refer to a context understood by both addresser and addressee which enables the message to make sense. Any one of these elements may dominate in a particular communicative act.
Jakobson's central point is that the 'message' cannot supply all of the meaning of a transaction. 'Meaning' derives also from the context, the code and the means of contact, in other words, meaning resides in the total act of communication.
For more details see under individual headings.
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