

Grammar


Tenses


Present

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous


Past

Past Simple

Past Continuous

Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous


Future

Future Simple

Future Continuous

Future Perfect

Future Perfect Continuous


Parts Of Speech


Nouns

Countable and uncountable nouns

Verbal nouns

Singular and Plural nouns

Proper nouns

Nouns gender

Nouns definition

Concrete nouns

Abstract nouns

Common nouns

Collective nouns

Definition Of Nouns

Animate and Inanimate nouns

Nouns


Verbs

Stative and dynamic verbs

Finite and nonfinite verbs

To be verbs

Transitive and intransitive verbs

Auxiliary verbs

Modal verbs

Regular and irregular verbs

Action verbs

Verbs


Adverbs

Relative adverbs

Interrogative adverbs

Adverbs of time

Adverbs of place

Adverbs of reason

Adverbs of quantity

Adverbs of manner

Adverbs of frequency

Adverbs of affirmation

Adverbs


Adjectives

Quantitative adjective

Proper adjective

Possessive adjective

Numeral adjective

Interrogative adjective

Distributive adjective

Descriptive adjective

Demonstrative adjective


Pronouns

Subject pronoun

Relative pronoun

Reflexive pronoun

Reciprocal pronoun

Possessive pronoun

Personal pronoun

Interrogative pronoun

Indefinite pronoun

Emphatic pronoun

Distributive pronoun

Demonstrative pronoun

Pronouns


Pre Position


Preposition by function

Time preposition

Reason preposition

Possession preposition

Place preposition

Phrases preposition

Origin preposition

Measure preposition

Direction preposition

Contrast preposition

Agent preposition


Preposition by construction

Simple preposition

Phrase preposition

Double preposition

Compound preposition

prepositions


Conjunctions

Subordinating conjunction

Correlative conjunction

Coordinating conjunction

Conjunctive adverbs

conjunctions


Interjections

Express calling interjection

Phrases

Sentences


Grammar Rules

Passive and Active

Preference

Requests and offers

wishes

Be used to

Some and any

Could have done

Describing people

Giving advices

Possession

Comparative and superlative

Giving Reason

Making Suggestions

Apologizing

Forming questions

Since and for

Directions

Obligation

Adverbials

invitation

Articles

Imaginary condition

Zero conditional

First conditional

Second conditional

Third conditional

Reported speech

Demonstratives

Determiners


Linguistics

Phonetics

Phonology

Linguistics fields

Syntax

Morphology

Semantics

pragmatics

History

Writing

Grammar

Phonetics and Phonology

Semiotics


Reading Comprehension

Elementary

Intermediate

Advanced


Teaching Methods

Teaching Strategies

Assessment
Prosodic features
المؤلف:
Edgar W. Schneider
المصدر:
A Handbook Of Varieties Of English Phonology
الجزء والصفحة:
1087-64
2024-06-27
1284
Prosodic features
Unstressed word-initial syllables may be omitted, so that about and except result in ‘bout and ‘cept, respectively. This is common in the T&TCs, Gullah, AAVE, and NfldE, and occurs variably in JamC, BahE, ChcE, CajE, WMwE, NEngE, SAmE, and CanE. The shifting of stress from the first to a later syllable, as in IndiIcate or holiIday, is reported as occurring not infrequently in T&TC and TobC and sometimes in JamE/C, CajE, ChcE, NEngE, and NfldE. In general, a tendency toward a relatively syllable-timed rather than a stress-timed rhythm is reported for Caribbean creoles and varieties quite strongly (TobC, T&TC, Baj, JamC, BahE), and also variably for ChcE, but not at all for all other North American dialects. In comparison with British-based varieties, AmE is stated to preserve secondary stress more strongly, a process which tends to result in less vowel reduction and a characteristically different stress pattern.
Distinctive, perhaps idiosyncratic intonation contours appear to characterize a number of varieties, although relatively little attention has been paid to such questions in sociolinguistic research. For some pertinent observations.
High-rising terminal contours, i.e. a rise of intonation at the end of statements, (sometimes called “HRT” or also “American question intonation”) are said to occur variably in all American and Caribbean varieties under consideration, with the sole exceptions of CajE and TobC. Tone distinctions are restricted to creoles; they are reported as characteristic of TobC and T&TC and possible in JamC. Saramaccan and Ndyuka are tone languages.
الاكثر قراءة في Phonology
اخر الاخبار
اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة
الآخبار الصحية

قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر كتاباً يوثق تاريخ السدانة في العتبة العباسية المقدسة
"المهمة".. إصدار قصصي يوثّق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة فتوى الدفاع المقدسة للقصة القصيرة
(نوافذ).. إصدار أدبي يوثق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة الإمام العسكري (عليه السلام)