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Tenses


Present

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous


Past

Past Simple

Past Continuous

Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous


Future

Future Simple

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Future Perfect

Future Perfect Continuous


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Pronouns


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Preposition by function

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Reason preposition

Possession preposition

Place preposition

Phrases preposition

Origin preposition

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Direction preposition

Contrast preposition

Agent preposition


Preposition by construction

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prepositions


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Express calling interjection

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Forming questions

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Adverbials

invitation

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Assessment
Diphthongs FACE
المؤلف:
Edgar W. Schneider
المصدر:
A Handbook Of Varieties Of English Phonology
الجزء والصفحة:
1080-64
2024-06-24
1172
Diphthongs
FACE
The FACE vowel serves to set North American pronunciation types off from Caribbean ones quite clearly. A canonical variant, an upgliding diphthong with a half-close onset, [eɪ] , is the main form of all North American dialects except for CajE (which has a monophthong) and SAmE, where a diphthong with a front but lower onset, [εɪ/æɪ] , is cited as even more characteristic, as part of the “Southern Shift” (the low-onset variant may also occur in CanE, AAVE, and ChcE). SAmE may also have variants with a low-back ([aɪ/Λɪ]) or central ([əɪ]) onset. The highly conspicuous main Caribbean variant of this vowel type is a long half-close monophthong [e:], the characteristic pronunciation of JamE, Baj, the T&TCs, and also Gullah, found also, as a variant, in AAVE, Nfl dE, the Upper Midwest, InlNE and ChcE. The prototypical basilectal pronunciation, however, the main variant of JamC (and a possibility in Baj, SAmE and Nfl dE) is an ingliding diphthong, [ɪə] or [ɪε] . SurCs have a short vowel, homophonous with DRESS, except in word-final position, where the diphthong can occur.
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قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر كتاباً يوثق تاريخ السدانة في العتبة العباسية المقدسة
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(نوافذ).. إصدار أدبي يوثق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة الإمام العسكري (عليه السلام)