

Grammar


Tenses


Present

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous


Past

Past Simple

Past Continuous

Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous


Future

Future Simple

Future Continuous

Future Perfect

Future Perfect Continuous


Parts Of Speech


Nouns

Countable and uncountable nouns

Verbal nouns

Singular and Plural nouns

Proper nouns

Nouns gender

Nouns definition

Concrete nouns

Abstract nouns

Common nouns

Collective nouns

Definition Of Nouns

Animate and Inanimate nouns

Nouns


Verbs

Stative and dynamic verbs

Finite and nonfinite verbs

To be verbs

Transitive and intransitive verbs

Auxiliary verbs

Modal verbs

Regular and irregular verbs

Action verbs

Verbs


Adverbs

Relative adverbs

Interrogative adverbs

Adverbs of time

Adverbs of place

Adverbs of reason

Adverbs of quantity

Adverbs of manner

Adverbs of frequency

Adverbs of affirmation

Adverbs


Adjectives

Quantitative adjective

Proper adjective

Possessive adjective

Numeral adjective

Interrogative adjective

Distributive adjective

Descriptive adjective

Demonstrative adjective


Pronouns

Subject pronoun

Relative pronoun

Reflexive pronoun

Reciprocal pronoun

Possessive pronoun

Personal pronoun

Interrogative pronoun

Indefinite pronoun

Emphatic pronoun

Distributive pronoun

Demonstrative pronoun

Pronouns


Pre Position


Preposition by function

Time preposition

Reason preposition

Possession preposition

Place preposition

Phrases preposition

Origin preposition

Measure preposition

Direction preposition

Contrast preposition

Agent preposition


Preposition by construction

Simple preposition

Phrase preposition

Double preposition

Compound preposition

prepositions


Conjunctions

Subordinating conjunction

Correlative conjunction

Coordinating conjunction

Conjunctive adverbs

conjunctions


Interjections

Express calling interjection

Phrases

Sentences


Grammar Rules

Passive and Active

Preference

Requests and offers

wishes

Be used to

Some and any

Could have done

Describing people

Giving advices

Possession

Comparative and superlative

Giving Reason

Making Suggestions

Apologizing

Forming questions

Since and for

Directions

Obligation

Adverbials

invitation

Articles

Imaginary condition

Zero conditional

First conditional

Second conditional

Third conditional

Reported speech

Demonstratives

Determiners


Linguistics

Phonetics

Phonology

Linguistics fields

Syntax

Morphology

Semantics

pragmatics

History

Writing

Grammar

Phonetics and Phonology

Semiotics


Reading Comprehension

Elementary

Intermediate

Advanced


Teaching Methods

Teaching Strategies

Assessment
Vowels and Diphthongs PRICE
المؤلف:
Joan Beal
المصدر:
A Handbook Of Varieties Of English Phonology
الجزء والصفحة:
125-6
2024-02-24
1175
Vowels and Diphthongs PRICE
Most words in this set have the diphthong
in the majority of northern English dialects. In Tyneside and Northumberland, the diphthong is a narrower
, whilst in parts of the ‘middle North’, including West and South Yorkshire, a monophthongal [a:], distinct from the monophthongal [a:] variant in down, etc., is found in more traditional dialects. In such dialects, ground and grind would be pronounced [gra:nd], [gra:nd] respectively. As with MOUTH words, Petyt found that a compromise variant comprising a diphthong with a lengthened first element was more common in the speech of his 1970–1971 informants. In words such as night or right, northern dialects retained the consonant
when this was vocalized in southern dialects in the 16th century. In dialects which retained this northern pronunciation, the vowel before
remained short, and so was not shifted to
in the Great Vowel Shift. When northern English dialects later lost this consonant, the preceding vowel was lengthened to /i:/ giving pronunciations such as /ni:t, ri:t/ for night, right etc. This is now retained mainly in frequently-used words and phrases. Thus [a:ri:t] al-right is a common greeting between working-class males on Tyneside and [ni:t] is similarly used for night especially in the expression the night (‘tonight’), but [lεit] would be the more usual pronunciation of light. Petyt (1985: 164) notes that /i:/ was used in words of this subset by his West Yorkshire informants, but that the compromise diphthong described above was also used in these words.
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قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر كتاباً يوثق تاريخ السدانة في العتبة العباسية المقدسة
"المهمة".. إصدار قصصي يوثّق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة فتوى الدفاع المقدسة للقصة القصيرة
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