3:48:40 
2023-09-15 
675
Metabolites produced by gut bacteria during digestion can be used to stimulate an immune response against colorectal cancer, one of the deadliest forms of cancer.
The research team found that the metabolites activate a molecule on the surface of cancer cells that attracts immune cells, called T cells. Childbearing age is associated with the risk of fatal lung cancer
Metabolites are also able to enter the nucleus of cancer cells and change their DNA, attracting greater attention from the immune system.
“What we saw is that these products regulate a key molecule in cancer cells that T cells directly interact with, so they provide a way for T cells to detect that there is a cancer cell, and that something is wrong,” explains Christy Baker, associate professor in the departments of oncology, medical microbiology and immunology. “And they want to eliminate him.”
“The products were also causing changes in cell gene expression that coordinate interactions between cancer cells and the immune system,” Baker says.
“We often hear that a high-fiber diet is very beneficial and may be protective against cancer, so part of the question we were asking was how fiber might contribute to cancer protection,” Baker explains.
The team tested two of the most abundant metabolites produced by gut bacteria during the digestion of dietary fiber: butyrate and propionate. The researchers exposed colon cancer cells in mice to the metabolites to observe their lasting effects. They also tested the metabolites on human cancer cells in the laboratory to confirm the results.
“I was really surprised by the fact that the response was so strong and replicable,” Baker revealed.
Baker plans to continue her research to better understand the mechanisms involved in the response, with the hope of one day seeing the research used to develop diagnostic tests or new treatments for cancer.
It will test metabolites at different concentrations and combine them with immunotherapies to see how effective they are against different types of cancer cells.
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