3:17:14 
2023-08-19 
556
Astronomers have discovered a new type of star described as a "magnetic monster" that will explode one day to become a rare "magnetic star".
Using multiple telescopes around the world, including the facilities of the European Southern Observatory (ESO), scientists have spotted the helium-rich star HD 45166, located about 3,000 light-years from Earth in the constellation of the Unicorn.
But what makes it really special is that it's the only massive helium star that astronomers have ever observed with a magnetic field, which is a strong field.
HD 45166 has such a strong magnetic field (100,000 times stronger than Earth's) that astronomers think it will become a magnetar when it explodes in a supernova in about a million years.
Magnetars are a type of neutron star (the collapsed cores of some massive stars that pack roughly the mass of our sun into a city-sized area). It is a compact, highly magnetic stellar remnant with some of the most intense magnetic fields in the universe violently spewing out bursts of energy.
Not much was known about the origin of magnetars until now, but experts believe HD 45166 will finally shed light on their origin.
"For the first time, a strong magnetic field has been detected in a massive helium star. Our study indicates that this helium star will end its life as a magnetar," said Andre-Nicolas Cheney of NOIR Lab, an astronomy research center based in Tucson, Arizona.
NASA describes magnetars as the "superheroes of the stellar world" because they have such enormous magnetic field strength that scientists have baffled for years.
In a typical neutron star, the magnetic field is trillions of times stronger than Earth's, but in Earth's magnetic field it is another 1,000 times stronger.
Therefore, magnetars are a very special type of neutron star.
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