المرجع الالكتروني للمعلوماتية
المرجع الألكتروني للمعلوماتية

English Language
عدد المواضيع في هذا القسم 6095 موضوعاً
Grammar
Linguistics
Reading Comprehension

Untitled Document
أبحث عن شيء أخر
غزوة الحديبية والهدنة بين النبي وقريش
2024-11-01
بعد الحديبية افتروا على النبي « صلى الله عليه وآله » أنه سحر
2024-11-01
المستغفرون بالاسحار
2024-11-01
المرابطة في انتظار الفرج
2024-11-01
النضوج الجنسي للماشية sexual maturity
2024-11-01
المخرجون من ديارهم في سبيل الله
2024-11-01

Saunders Mac Lane
9-11-2017
أهم الأحداث بين غزوة أحد وغزوة الأحزاب
2024-10-25
الملامح العامة لقتال الجبال - في حالات الهجوم
24-5-2021
غربلة حبوب القمح
10-3-2016
طرق إكثار الموز
2023-08-21
الإمام الكاظم ( عليه السّلام ) في حكومة موسى الهادي العباسي
10-1-2023

Consonant clusters  
  
454   09:49 صباحاً   date: 2024-05-03
Author : Jan Tent and France Mugler
Book or Source : A Handbook Of Varieties Of English Phonology
Page and Part : 767-42


Read More
Date: 2024-03-18 575
Date: 2024-05-22 383
Date: 2024-04-30 407

Consonant clusters

1. The Pure Fiji English of Indo-Fijian speakers, like that of Fijians, allows few consonant clusters, especially in final position e.g. last > [las], although /ks/ does frequently occur, especially in [aks] for ask, also as in Fijian English.

 

2. Consonant clusters, both initial and final, quite commonly receive an epenthetic vowel in Pure Indo-Fijian English, e.g. free > [fari], plate > [pilet], film > [filam], blouse > [bilaus], pliers > [pilaias], etc. Epenthetic vowels are particularly common in older English loans that have been fully nativised in Fiji Hindi, e.g. farāk < ‘frock’, gilās < ‘glass’, kulubāl < ‘crowbar’ (Siegel 1991); however, this tendency is not as strong nowadays.

 

The regular past tense morpheme {-ed} sometimes receives an [εd] pronunciation when in Standard English it is rendered as [d] or [t], e.g. robbed > [rɔbεd] , asked [askεd], learned (verb) > [lεnεd]. However, this is probably due to a spelling pronunciation.

 

3. Word initial /s+C/ clusters typically have a syllable initial prothetic /i/, e.g. school > [iskul], foolscaps > [fuliskeps], student > [istudent], sport > [ispot], etc. This is clearly an influence of the first language since Hindi (both standard and Fiji varieties) does not allow such initial consonant clusters. Fiji Hindi has also nativised English loans with a prothetic vowel, e.g. astabal < ‘stable’, isTimā < ‘steamer’ (Siegel 1991).

 

The consonant phonemes of Pure Indo-Fijian Fiji English and their most common phonetic realizations are shown in Figure 7.