Secondary-B types

Secondary-B verbs introduce one role (the subject of the Secondary-B verb) in addition to the roles of the verb in the complement clause, e.g. John in John wanted Fred to congratulate Mary. However, the subject of the main clause often is identical to the subject of the complement clause, and the latter is then generally omitted, e.g. John wanted to congratulate Mary, although it can be retained for contrastive emphasis, e.g. John wanted himself to congratulate Mary (not (for) Fred to congratulate her). Note that John wanted to congratulate Mary has the same semantic roles, in the same syntactic relations, as John congratulated Mary (and is then similar to the Secondary-A construction John began to congratulate Mary).