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Date: 25-9-2019
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Date: 7-9-2018
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Date: 28-8-2018
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Earlier, we examined the aldol reactions as a nucleophilic carbonyl addition in section 20.6, in which the electrophile is the carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde or ketone. A nucleophilic enolate can also attack the carbonyl carbon of a carboxylic acid derivative in a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction.This is referred to as a Claisen condensation, after the German chemist Ludwig Claisen (1851-1930).
Basic reaction
Going from reactants to products simply
1) Enolate formation
2) Nucleophilic attack
3) Removal of leaving group
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مخاطر خفية لمكون شائع في مشروبات الطاقة والمكملات الغذائية
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"آبل" تشغّل نظامها الجديد للذكاء الاصطناعي على أجهزتها
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تستخدم لأول مرة... مستشفى الإمام زين العابدين (ع) التابع للعتبة الحسينية يعتمد تقنيات حديثة في تثبيت الكسور المعقدة
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