6:47:3 
2023-04-14 
539
Experts provide an effective treatment for Alzheimer's
British experts revealed that an effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease, the most common dementia, may be available within 20 years.
A team from Cardiff University has identified 92 genes that significantly increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, whereas only three genes were known when their research began in 2009, which means there is an exponential increase in information about the disease.
Professor Julie Williams, director of the Cardiff Dementia Centre, said: "By 2040 I think we will be in a position to offer a range of treatments, and we may not know the exact cause, but one of them will be able to deal with a wide range of causes."
Gene therapy and improved understanding from international studies contribute to increasing expert knowledge of amnesia, which is the most common type of dementia, and is known to have no effective drug or treatment or to slow its symptoms.
Professor Williams, who was awarded a CBE for her work, explained: "Once you know where to start looking, you can study the effects that genes have on certain brain activity."
"Things are accelerating and getting better all the time," said Williams, who has studied Alzheimer's disease for 30 years. "I've learned more in the last seven years than I've learned in the last 20 years."
Tests that cost millions in the 1990s can be done for about £30. A breakthrough in the research means that experts have discovered that microglia mistakenly kill healthy brain cells, including synapses.
Synapses are connections between nerve cells, and if they are unnecessarily discarded, they can cause a person to lose the connections that generate thought and memories.
But Professor Williams told the BBC that having studied thousands of cases, she realized there would not be a single weapon. Instead, the disease should be considered more like a heart disease where many factors contribute, and many treatments will help delay and prevent it.
Some of the drugs have already been licensed for use in other Alzheimer's conditions and could be used within five years.
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